New Definition of Ecosystem

Comments

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  Sergei Ostroumov, Jul 2, 2010 9:15 pm

  Another reason why it is important to have a good definition - now even the texts of environmental law mention ecosystems or similar natural objects.

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  Sergei Ostroumov, Jul 2, 2010 9:32 pm

  Examples of bad definition of ecosystem:
  These are two definitions of ecosystem that can be found in Internet:
  1. "a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment" (see:
  wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn)
  The drawbacks of this definition: another term is used , namely, 'community'; why only physical environment is mentioned? if you mention 'physical', you are to mention 'chemical' one as well...
  
  2. "An ecosystem is a complex set of relationships among the living resources, habitats, and residents of an area. It includes plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, microrganisms, water, soil, and people".
  http://forest.mtu.edu/kidscorner/ecosystems/definition.html
  The drawbacks of this definition: another term is used , namely, 'habitats'; why only 'living resources' are mentioned? if you mention 'living resources' , you are to mention non-living as well... ; it is wrong to list 'animals, fish, birds, ' (as 'fish' and 'bird' are part of the general term 'animals'); by the same token, it is wrong to list 'plants, trees,...' (as 'trees' are part of the general term 'plants')

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  Hind Salama, Jul 19, 2010 9:29 am

  very interesting, thanks

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  Sergei Ostroumov, Jul 26, 2010 5:20 pm

  If you are interested, welcome to our groups titled: Ecology...; Environmental Leadership Institute.
  Best regards

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  Sergei Ostroumov, Aug 12, 2010 6:43 am

  This definition is useful to those who teach ecology, who educate people. Ecosystem is one of the most important terms and concepts in ecology and in protecting environment. It is vital that people who study ecology and environment have a correct and easy-to-understand definition of the basic terminology.

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  Sergei Ostroumov, Aug 12, 2010 6:52 am

  I got good comments from colleagues. Thanks

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  Muhammad Aslam buzda..., Aug 12, 2010 7:25 am

  Dear sergei Ostroumov
  how can we join your group Ecology you mean this is here at research gate?

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  Dilip G Banhatti, Aug 12, 2010 1:31 pm

  I've sent your definition to TamilNadu Science Forum, Madurai, India, who recently hopefully succeeded in saving remaining very old venerable trees in a local college campus after about 20 trees were wantonly felled disregarding ecological considerations. Here's the link for more news on this event: [http://maduraitnsf.blogspot.com/].

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  Trupti Vyas, Aug 15, 2010 7:45 pm

  Dear sergei Ostroumov
  Thank you for your useful information

• 

  Sergei Ostroumov, Oct 5, 2010 5:41 am

  http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sergei_Ostroumov/blog/4435_List_of_publications_SAOstroumov
  
  
  
  Building Resilient Communities: A Preliminary
  Framework for Assessment
  Patricia H. Longstaff, Nicholas J. Armstrong, Keli Perrin, Whitney May
  Parker, Matthew A. Hidek
  
  HOMELAND SECURITY AFFAIRS, VOLUME VI, NO. 3 (SEPTEMBER 2010) p. 1-23; [WWW.HSAJ.ORG]
  Full text of the paper:
  http://www.hsaj.org/?fullarticle=6.3.6;
  
  About the journal'Homeland Security Affairs':
  Homeland Security Affairs is the peer-reviewed online journal of the Naval Postgraduate School Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS), providing a forum to propose and debate strategies, policies, and organizational arrangements to strengthen U.S. homeland security. The instructors, participants, alumni, and partners of CHDS represent the leading subject matter experts and practitioners in the field of homeland security.
  
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  Editorial Review Board:
  
  Christopher Bellavita
  Richard Bergin
  David Brannan
  Sharon Caudle
  Samuel H. Clovis, Jr.
  Vincent J. Doherty
  Kevin D. Eack
  Lauren Fernandez
  Laura Manning Johnson
  Robert Josefek
  Clark Kimerer
  Ted G. Lewis
  Greta Marlatt
  Rodrigo Nieto-Gomez
  Michael Petrie
  Steve Recca
  Anke Richter
  John Rollins
  Stan Supinski
  David Tucker
  Bert Tussing
  Lauren Wollman
  Glen Woodbury
  
  
  Christopher Bellavita
  Christopher Bellavita teaches in the Master’s Degree Program at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. An instructor with twenty years experience in security planning and operations, he serves as the director of academic programs for the Center for Homeland Defense and Security. Dr. Bellavita is the executive editor of Homeland Security Affairs, for which he authors “Changing Homeland Security.” He received his PhD from the University of California, Berkeley.
  Richard Bergin
  Richard Bergin is an adjunct assistant professor of information sciences at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). Over the past five years, Professor Bergin has been teaching full time for the Center of Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS). During this time, he has designed and implemented courses used in all CHDS programs. Prior to his academic assignments, Professor Bergin founded and acted as CEO of Internet Productions – a premier software applications development company that specialized in offering innovative e-commerce applications for the World Wide Web. He has an extensive background in operations and production management and has worked in the aerospace and inter-networking industries. Professor Bergin earned his bachelor degree in business administration and his master’s degree in both information and operations management from the University of Southern California. He is currently completing his PhD at NPS in the Information Sciences Department.
  David Brannan
  David Brannan lectures at the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security. He served six months in Iraq as the director of security policy for the CPA/MOI, where he wrote or led the security policy initiatives for the Iraqi Police Service (IPS), Department of Border Enforcement (DBE), Facilities Protection Service (FPS), and the Iraqi Civil Defense Directorate. Prior to that, Dr. Brannan served as a political scientist for the RAND Corporation (from 2000 to 2005), working on areas related to terrorism, insurgency, and law enforcement with particular expertise related to domestic theologically-motivated political activism. He still contributes to RAND research on occasion as an adjunct political scientist and regularly publishes in academic journals, tactical journals, edited books, and government reports. Two recent publications include a primer for law enforcement, Preparing for Suicide Terrorism, and a chapter on left and rightwing terrorism in The Politics of Terrorism. Dr. Brannan holds a joint honours Master of Arts and PhD from the University of St. Andrews, Scotland.
  Sharon Caudle
  Sharon Caudle is the distinguished policymaker-in-residence at The Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University where she teaches core courses for public management and policy and international affairs graduate students and participates in the Integrative Center for Homeland Security. Prior to that position, she was an assistant director for homeland security with the U.S. Government Accountability Office’s (GAO) Homeland Security and Justice Team specializing in homeland security strategic policy and management issues. Dr. Caudle has taught at The George Washington University, Auburn University, and Syracuse University in homeland security, public management, and information technology management. Dr. Caudle earned her master’s and doctorate degrees in public management from The George Washington University in Washington, DC and a master’s in homeland security and homeland defense from the School of International Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, in Monterey, CA.
  Samuel H. Clovis, Jr.
  Samuel H. Clovis, Jr. is a full professor and chair of the Department of Business Administration and Economics at Morningside College in Sioux City, IA. He also serves as a fellow at the Homeland Security Institute in Arlington, VA. Dr. Clovis served twenty-five years as a fighter pilot in the U.S. Air Force. He retired from the service as the inspector general of NORAD and the United States Space Command to enter the private sector, where he has held senior positions with a number of defense-related companies. Dr. Clovis has also held a variety of positions at academic institutions, lectures in the Department of Homeland Security-sponsored education programs, and writes extensively about national preparedness issues. He has been involved in the development and implementation of national preparedness policy in support of DHS since 2004. Dr. Clovis graduated from the United States Air Force Academy with a bachelor degree in political science. He earned an MBA at Golden Gate University and holds a doctorate in public administration from the University of Alabama. His research interests are federalism, intergovernmental relations and public management.
  Vincent J. Doherty
  Vincent J. Doherty is the director for program outreach for the Center of Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS) at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and was the CHDS 2005-2006 senior fellow/practitioner at the Department of Homeland Security, Preparedness Directorate. He is an adjunct professor for the Homeland Security Management Institute at Long Island University and he is currently on the board of advisors for Ahura and EdgeVelocity Corporations. Mr. Doherty is a member and the former local co-chair of the Science and Technology Committee for the Inter-Agency Board (IAB) for Equipment Standardization and Interoperability. A retired, highly decorated twenty-five-year veteran of the Fire Department of New York City (FDNY), he is currently a contract instructor for the Center for Domestic Preparedness, an instructor for the National Fire Academy, and a New York State Certified Fire Service Instructor.
  Kevin D. Eack
  Kevin D. Eack is the senior terrorism advisor for the Illinois State Police, where he is in charge of the Office of Counter Terrorism and has been selected for a fellowship with the FBI in the counter terrorism program in Washington, DC. He is co-founder and present chair of the Midwest Homeland Security Consortium, an organization comprised of state and local counter terrorism unit and fusion center commanders and representing twelve Midwest states and several major cities. In 2006 Inspector Eack received an appointment to the University of Chicago at Argonne National Laboratory. In 2008 he served on a mission trip to Poland for the National Guard Bureau providing technical guidance and assistance in homeland security to the Polish National Police. Inspector Eack holds a juris doctorate degree from the Southern Illinois University, a master’s degree in human resources and industrial relations from the University of Illinois, and a master’s degree in security studies from the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS). He currently serves as president of the CHDS Alumni board of directors.
  Lauren Fernandez
  Lauren Fernandez is an instructor in the Master’s Degree Program at the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security. She recently served as a branch chief in the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. In that capacity she led analysis of assessment data, managed national information technology systems, and developed technical assistance programs. Previously, Dr. Fernandez worked in the private sector as a systems analyst and emergency management planner. She also has over ten years of experience as an emergency medical technician and an incident commander for the Appalachian Search and Rescue Conference. She holds a bachelor and master’s degree in systems engineering from the University of Virginia and received her doctorate in engineering management with a concentration in crisis, emergency, and risk management from The George Washington University. Her dissertation research concerned volunteer management system design and analysis for disaster response and recovery.
  Laura Manning Johnson
  Laura Manning Johnson currently serves as the Deputy Chief of Deliberate Plans in the Office of Operations Coordination and Planning, for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Dr. Johnson helped stand up DHS in 2003 and served as the Deputy Director for Fusion within the National Operations Center from its inception in 2003 until 2008. Prior to joining DHS, she served as an intelligence analyst at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). During her tenure at the CIA, she was the executive assistant to the Director of the Non-Proliferation Center (NPC), and a Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Advisor to the vice president’s WMD National Preparedness Review. She was the first Director of Central Intelligence Representative to the Office of Homeland Security beginning in October, 2001. Dr. Johnson concludes her three-years as a member of the Intelligence and National Security Alliance (INSA) Board of Directors in fall 2010. She holds a PhD in political science from the University of California, Santa Barbara and master/bachelor degrees in political science from Oklahoma State University. Her areas of focus were public policy, public law, and public administration. Dr. Johnson has taught at American University, University of California Santa Barbara, Long Island University, and Oklahoma State University.
  Robert Josefek
  Robert Josefek is an adjunct professor at the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security. He has served on the faculty at the University of Southern California (USC) Marshall School of Business and has taught at the University of Minnesota. As an expert in information and decision sciences including social networking and knowledge management, Dr. Josefek has worked with a variety of both public and private sector organizations. The focus of his work is to help senior managers understand strategic and organizational issues relevant to their information technology options, improving planning and investment decisions, and establishing organizational design and development strategies to prepare for future advances. He has served as a reviewer and associate editor for leading journals and conference committees including Management Science, Information Systems Research, MIS Quarterly, and the Journal of Management Information Systems. He received his PhD from the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management.
  Clark Kimerer
  Clark Kimerer is chief of staff and second-in-command of the Seattle Police Department. A twenty-five-year veteran, Chief Kimerer oversees all administrative functions of the department, including the 911 Communications Center, Training, Finance/Budget, Human Resources, and Information Technology, and is director of the City of Seattle Emergency Operations Center. Chief Kimerer was planning commander and Seattle point-of-contact for TOPOFF 2 and a subject matter expert and mentor for TOPOFF 3. He serves as an instructor and subject matter expert at various universities and professional institutions in the United States and Great Britain, is part of the Naval Postgraduate School’s Urban Area Mobile Education Team (MET), and participates in numerous project and analysis teams covering a broad range of public safety and homeland defense issues for DOJ, DHS, and the intelligence community. Chief Kimerer holds a bachelor degree in classics and liberal arts from St. John’s College in Annapolis, Maryland, and has completed postgraduate and professional certification work at various institutions, including the Harvard Negotiation Program at Harvard Law School. He is also a graduate of the National Executive Institute.
  Ted G. Lewis
  Ted G. Lewis is a professor of computer science at the Naval Postgraduate School and academic associate of the Center for Homeland Defense and Security Master’s Degree Program. He has forty years experience in academic, industrial, and advisory capacities, ranging from academic appointments at the University of Missouri-Rolla, University of Louisiana, and Oregon State University, to senior vice president of Eastman Kodak Company, to CEO and president of DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology, North America. Dr. Lewis has published over thirty books and 100 research papers. He is the author of Critical Infrastructure Protection in Homeland Security: Defending a Networked Nation (2006) and, most recently, Network Science: Theory and Applications (2009). He received his PhD in computer science from Washington State University.
  Greta Marlatt
  Greta Marlatt is the information services manager for the Naval Postgraduate School’s Dudley Knox Library. She has over twenty-five years of experience working in libraries in various capacities and is a member of both the Special Library Association and the American Library Association. In 2000, Ms. Marlatt was appointed to a three-year term as a member of the Federal Depository Library Council, an advisory group to the Public Printer of the United States. She has received the Armed Forces Librarians Roundtable [AFLRT] Achievement Citation, the Navy’s Meritorious Civilian Service Award, and the Navy’s Superior Civilian Service Award. In addition to published articles, she is the author of a number of bibliographies and help guides for topics relating to intelligence, information warfare, mine warfare, directed energy weapons, NBC terrorism, and more. Ms. Marlatt holds a master of library science degree from the University of Arizona and a master’s degree in national security studies from California State University, San Bernardino.
  Rodrigo Nieto-Gomez
  Rodrigo Nieto-Gomez is an instructor at the Center for Homeland Defense and Security at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA. His fields of research include the geopolitical effects of Homeland Security/Defense and National Security with a regional focus on North America, border security, discourse analysis, and the implications of new technologies for security and defense policies. His research on homeland security issues has led to travel all along the U.S.-Mexico border to interview political actors, intellectuals, and authorities. In the course of his research, Dr. Nieto-Gomez has observed the geographic conditions that affect the security ecosystem of the U.S. perimeter, gaining first-hand knowledge of every mile of this important and conflictive territory. Dr. Nieto-Gomez obtained his PhD (summa cum laude) in geopolitics at the Institut Francais de Geopolitique of the University of Paris. He also holds a Mexican J.D. from the State University of San Luis Potosi, specializing in international public and private law inside the NAFTA region.
  Michael Petrie
  Michael Petrie is the director of the Readiness Operations Planning and Exercises (R.O.P.E) Program at the University of California, Berkeley’s Center for Infectious Disease and Emergency Readiness (CIDER). He previously served for eight years as the emergency medical services administrator for the City and County of San Francisco. Mr. Petrie has worked in a variety of homeland security areas, including intelligence collection and fusion center operation, strategic planning, capability assessments, and planning for WMD incident response. A licensed paramedic for twenty-six years, Mr. Petrie is a recipient of the State of California EMS Authority’s Meritorious Service Medal. He is a contributing author for Jane’s publications, and has published numerous articles for peer-reviewed and professional journals. Mr. Petrie served on the faculty at the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS), where he continues to serve as a thesis advisor. He holds an MBA and a master’s degree in security studies from the Naval Postgraduate School.
  Steve Recca
  Steve Recca is a staff advisor for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief initiatives with the Pacific Disaster Center, and concurrently serves as the deputy director of the University and Agency Partnership Initiative for the Naval Postgraduate School’s (NPS) Center for Homeland Defense and Security. Mr. Recca’s previous positions include security policy assignments with the Central Intelligence Agency, State Department, Department of Defense, and in academia. From 1995-98, he served first as special assistant to the secretary of the Navy and then the director of Central Intelligence. Following assignment to the U.S. Embassy in Oslo, Mr. Recca held the Inman Intelligence Chair at NPS, before returning to Europe in 2003 to serve as DOD’s chief liaison to the German Federal Intelligence Service. Most recently, he directed the Center for Homeland Security at the University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, where he managed graduate and undergraduate education programs, applied research, and an international civil security seminar program in partnership with U.S. European Command. Mr. Recca holds a master’s degree in national security from the Naval Postgraduate School.
  Anke Richter
  Anke Richter is an associate professor at the Defense Resources Management Institute of the Naval Postgraduate School. Dr. Richter was previously a director of health outcomes at RTI-Health Solutions, RTI International. Her research interests include resource allocation for epidemic control, disease modeling and economic impact assessment, bio terrorism and public health preparedness. Dr. Richter has published in numerous journals, including the Journal of the American Medical Association, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, PharmacoEconomics, Medical Decision Making, Clinical Therapeutics, Journal of Emergency Management and Interfaces. She received her PhD in operations research from Stanford University.
  John Rollins
  John Rollins is a researcher at the Library of Congress’ Congressional Research Service (CRS) specializing in terrorism, intelligence community, and homeland security issues. Prior to joining CRS, Mr. Rollins was the first chief of staff of the Office of Intelligence for the Department of Homeland Security and the secretary’s senior advisor on intelligence community reform. Mr. Rollin’s career includes a variety of analytic, legal, and management positions in the U.S. Army, FBI, CIA, DIA, U.S. Marine Corps, 1st SFOD-D (Delta Force), and the United Nations. He frequently testifies before Congress on issues of national security importance and is the author of numerous papers and articles addressing a wide range of national security issues. As an adjunct professor, he teaches homeland security graduate courses at the Naval Post Graduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security, University of Connecticut, and Texas A&M University. Mr. Rollins frequently advises the private sector, state and local governments, and the media regarding security-related issues. He is a licensed attorney and graduate of the Senior Executive Fellowship program, Harvard University.
  Stan Supinski
  Stan Supinski is the director of partnership programs and a faculty member in the Center for Homeland Defense and Security Master’s Degree Program. He is also a visiting professor to the Long Island University Homeland Security Management Institute and has served on the faculty of the University of Massachusetts and University of Denver. He is the former deputy for training and education for the North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command, where he developed the organizations’ academic training and education programs; he is also the founder and former director of the Homeland Security/Defense Education Consortium (HSDEC), a network of more than 270 federal, military, and civilian educational institutions. Dr. Supinski has conducted research and authored numerous articles on homeland security and defense, technology support to education, and language acquisition. His research includes development of the Daily Knowledge Vitamin, a technology-based, distributed learning methodology used to maintain and incrementally increase knowledge and skills. The methodology has been used by military linguists worldwide, and has been adopted by the U.S. Coast Guard and other DOD and civilian organizations. Dr. Supinski holds a PhD in instructional systems design from Florida State University and a master’s degree in national security affairs from the Naval Postgraduate School.
  David Tucker
  David Tucker is an associate professor in the Department of Defense Analysis, co-director of the Center on Terrorism and Irregular Warfare, and an instructor in the Homeland Security Master’s Degree Program, all at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. Before coming to the Postgraduate School, he served in the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict as the deputy director for special operations and as a Foreign Service officer in Africa and Europe. Dr. Tucker’s publications include “Terrorism, Networks, and Strategy: Why the Conventional Wisdom is Wrong” Homeland Security Affairs (June 2008); U.S. Special Operations Forces, with Christopher Lamb (Columbia University Press, August 2007); and “Confronting the Unconventional: Innovation and Transformation in Military Affairs”, (Letort Paper, U. S. Army War College, October 2006). He holds a PhD from the Claremont Graduate School and is a member of the Board of Visitors of the Marine Corps University.
  Bert Tussing
  Bert Tussing is the director of the Homeland Defense and Security Issues Group of the U.S. Army War College’s Center for Strategic Leadership. He joined the Center in October 1999 following nearly twenty-five years in the United States Marine Corps. He is a Distinguished Graduate of both the Marine Corps Command and Staff College and the Naval War College, and holds master’s degrees in national security strategy from the Naval War College and military strategic studies from the U.S. Army War College. Mr. Tussing is a senior fellow on George Washington University’s Homeland Security Policy Institute; a member of the Board of Experts for the University of California-Irvine’s Center for Unconventional Security Affairs; and on the steering committee of the Homeland Security/Defense Education Consortium Association. In December 2008 he accepted an appointment to the Department of Homeland Security’s Homeland Security Advisory Council, wherein he will advise in the development and execution of the department’s congressionally-mandated Quadrennial Homeland Security Review.
  Lauren Wollman
  Lauren Wollman is a senior faculty member for the Center for Homeland Defense and Security at the Naval Postgraduate School. In this capacity, she is the lead instructor for the Policy Analysis and Research Methods coursework sequence, and oversees research at the Center, including the student thesis system. Special projects in her portfolio include developing the Homeland Security Digital Library taxonomy in collaboration with taxonomy specialists, developing the curriculum for the national certificate program for Homeland Security Studies, and heading the Faculty Development Initiative at CHDS, through which the Center will achieve its strategic growth targets. Dr. Wollman received her PhD from the University of Southern California.
  Glen Woodbury
  Glen Woodbury is the director of the Naval Postgraduate School’s Center for Homeland Defense and Security and is responsible for leading the Center’s strategic commitment to servicing the homeland security priorities of the U.S. Departments of Homeland Security and Defense, as well as local, state, tribal, and federal agencies. His previous responsibilities as an associate director (2004-2007) included the development of executive education workshops, seminars, and training for senior state and local officials as well as military leaders. Mr. Woodbury served as the director of the Emergency Management Division for the State of Washington from 1998 through 2004. In this capacity, he directed the state’s response to numerous emergencies, disasters, and heightened security threat levels, including the World Trade Organization disturbance in Seattle in 1999, the Nisqually Earthquake in February 2001, the TOPOFF II Exercise in 2003, and the national response to the attacks of September 11th. Mr. Woodbury holds a bachelor degree in engineering sciences from Lafayette College and a master’s degree in security studies from the Naval Postgraduate School.
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  In short:
  
  'Homeland Security Affairs' is the online journal of the Center for Homeland Defense and Security
  (CHDS) and is the nation"s preeminent peer-reviewed journal providing a forum to propose and
  debate strategies, policies, and organizational arrangements to strengthen US Homeland ...

• 

  Gavin Vydelingum, Oct 23, 2010 10:19 am

  Dear Sergei , the PDF file regarding the definition is not accessible , please kindly send the definition in Russian .Thanks

• 

  Sergei Ostroumov, May 22, 2011 7:31 pm

  full text of the English paper with the new definiton of ecosystem:
  http://b23.ru/n68y

• 

  Sergei Ostroumov, Jul 8, 2011 9:17 pm

  http://www.scribd.com/doc/59623266/DBSv383n4-E-Definitions-Ecosystem; New Definition of Ecosystem and Biogeocoenosis.

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